AN ESSAY ON ALLAMA IQBAL OR OUR NATIONAL POET
Allama Iqbal was born on 19th November at Sialkot, in 1877. His parents Noor Muhammad and Imam Bibi were pious and religious persons.
He passed his matriculation and intermediate exams in 1893 and 1895 respectively. He did his B.A from Government College, Lahore in 1897 and M.A in philosophy in 1899. He took his Doctorate Degree from Munich (Germany). His thesis was "Philosophy Of Ajam". After talking his Barrister's Degree from London, In 1908; he returned home.
After returning from England he started practice as a Barrister in 1908. The poet was born in him from early age. He wrote poetry under inspiration. He had written poetry in Urdu and Persian. Allama Iqbal has left valuable and voluminous treasures of Poetry and Prose after him. The following are famous poetic works of Iqbal: Israr Khudi (1915), Ramuz-e-Bekhudi (1918) Paigham-e-Mashriq (1923), Javed Nama (1932) and Musafir (1934) are his great works in Persian. Bange-e-Dira (1924) Bal-e-Jibrael (1935) and Zarb-e-Kaleem (1936) are famous collections in Urdu. The famous Prose collection of Iqbal's lectures is 'The Reconstruction Of Religious Thoughts In Islam'.
">font-family: "open sans" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.5px;">Iqbal was a great mystic, a sufi. The poet of Khudi (I-am-ness) lived a very simple and contented life. His talks were full of wisdom and humor. He generally shunned poet's gatherings (Mushairas). He was indifferent to wealth and fame. Iqbal had good command on 'English, German and Arabic Languages'.
He was greatly moved on seeing the down-troddenness and miserable condition of the Indian Muslims. He kept away from practical politics. But seeing the conditions of ummat-e-Muslaman, he came forward to serve them. He inspired them with his poetry. He was also elected to the Punjab Legislature in 1928. He attended round table confidences at London in 1931-32.
It was Allama Iqbal who for the first time presented the idea of separate Home-Land (Pakistan) for the Indian Muslims. He was the originator of the two-nations theory. He was not only poet and great thinker but also a great moralist, a reformer and an educationist. Iqbal breathed his last on 21st april, 1938 and is buried in the compound of grand Badshahi Mosque, Lahore.
He passed his matriculation and intermediate exams in 1893 and 1895 respectively. He did his B.A from Government College, Lahore in 1897 and M.A in philosophy in 1899. He took his Doctorate Degree from Munich (Germany). His thesis was "Philosophy Of Ajam". After talking his Barrister's Degree from London, In 1908; he returned home.
After returning from England he started practice as a Barrister in 1908. The poet was born in him from early age. He wrote poetry under inspiration. He had written poetry in Urdu and Persian. Allama Iqbal has left valuable and voluminous treasures of Poetry and Prose after him. The following are famous poetic works of Iqbal: Israr Khudi (1915), Ramuz-e-Bekhudi (1918) Paigham-e-Mashriq (1923), Javed Nama (1932) and Musafir (1934) are his great works in Persian. Bange-e-Dira (1924) Bal-e-Jibrael (1935) and Zarb-e-Kaleem (1936) are famous collections in Urdu. The famous Prose collection of Iqbal's lectures is 'The Reconstruction Of Religious Thoughts In Islam'.
">font-family: "open sans" , "geneva" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.5px;">Iqbal was a great mystic, a sufi. The poet of Khudi (I-am-ness) lived a very simple and contented life. His talks were full of wisdom and humor. He generally shunned poet's gatherings (Mushairas). He was indifferent to wealth and fame. Iqbal had good command on 'English, German and Arabic Languages'.
He was greatly moved on seeing the down-troddenness and miserable condition of the Indian Muslims. He kept away from practical politics. But seeing the conditions of ummat-e-Muslaman, he came forward to serve them. He inspired them with his poetry. He was also elected to the Punjab Legislature in 1928. He attended round table confidences at London in 1931-32.
It was Allama Iqbal who for the first time presented the idea of separate Home-Land (Pakistan) for the Indian Muslims. He was the originator of the two-nations theory. He was not only poet and great thinker but also a great moralist, a reformer and an educationist. Iqbal breathed his last on 21st april, 1938 and is buried in the compound of grand Badshahi Mosque, Lahore.
Early career
At this time, Iqbal also became well known as a new poet and writer. He used to go to attend a 'Mushaira' at the haveli of Hakim Syed Aminuddin, in BhaatiGate area of Old Lahore city—here, he met many famous poets and writers and also began to write good poems which became very popular. He was guided by Mirza Dagh, Mirza Gurgani, Hakim Amin uddin, Hakim Shuja uddin and Sir Abdul Qadir. His first famous poem, Koh i Himala was also printed in Makhzan magazine, owned by Hakim Shuja uddin and Sir Abdul Qadir
After doing his BA and MA from Government College, Lahore, Iqbal was appointed a professor at this same institution and after some time, in 1905, he was selected for higher studies in England and Europe. He went and studied in Cambridge University and then also law at London University, and then he went to Munich, Germany, where he took a PHD degree. After all his study, Iqbal decided to go back and teach and also practice law in India.Allama Iqbal was a great poet, thinker and philosopher.
Later career, poetic and ideological work
Although faced by many difficulties, Iqbal followed this plan. He taught some senior classes at Government College and also practiced Law at Lahore High Court. At the same time, he wrote many famous poems such as Asrar i Khudi, Ramuz i Bekhudi, Payam i Mashriq, Zabur i Ajam, Bang i Dara, Bal i Jibrail, Zarb i Kalim and etc. Because of his learning and knowledge, people soon began to call him 'Allama' Iqbal and in 1922, King George V of Britain, made him a knight, giving him the title of Allama 'Sir' Muhammad Iqbal.He was awarded 5 awards
Ideological work
Allama Iqbal was a poet and a philosopher, he was always concerned about the thoughts and ideas and condition of Muslims everywhere, but specially Indian Muslims who were under British Rule and also threatened by Hindu majority population. Iqbal believed strongly in Sir Syed Ahmed Khan's earlier idea about 'Two Nation theory' that Muslims and Hindus were two separate nations and should be allowed to live separately. He put forward this idea again in his famous Allahabad Address of Muslim League, in 1930 and also preached this in his poems and lectures. Allama's words and ideas inspired many Muslims, some of whom became leaders of the Muslim League, and struggled to obtain Pakistan later on. He was very popular amongst the Muslim masses too.
Death
Allama Iqbal died in Lahore, on 21st April 1938, and is buried near the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore. His message and ideas lived on. Under the leadership of Quaid i Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the Muslims of India were able in August 1947 to achieve the partition of India.
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